FOR ALL COUNTRIES (BELOW)

Check routine immunisations including tetanus.

Immunisation against poliomyelitis, hepatitis A and typhoid, noting that typhoid and/or hepatitis A may be less important for short stays in business or tourist hotels.

For longer term travellers, check BCG status and consider immunisation against diphtheria, hepatitis B and, for longer rural travel, rabies.

Japanese encephalitis immunisation (for individual countries see below) for rural travel, usually over one month. Less risk in dry seasons. Not recommended for most travellers.